As a growing, prominent component of education policy, data-driven strategies go far beyond simple measurement. Data-based decision-making occurs at all levels of the education system, from state, to local, to school, to the classroom. Data-based decision-making can help a teacher identify areas in need of instructional improvement, or a school district better understand the factors that lead students to drop out of school. ICI leverages decades of leadership in educational outcomes to create data-driven instructional strategies for a variety of audiences. NCEO, for example, provides states and districts with technical assistance on how to analyze data related to the inclusion of students in large-scale assessments used for accountability, then use that information to make decisions.